So my grandfather was one of many children. (15 total I believe. ?- though not all survived) The children of Kamaka/Martha Luaehu and Yun Kiu Kim.
Yun Kiu Kim is listed as Yun You Kim on great Uncle Harold's Birth 1919 record, Yong Kin Kim in the 1920 Census, Young Kim in the 1930 Census, Yun Kiu Kim in the 1940 Census.
We can see how having enumerators and vital stat recorders who were not familiar with the ethnic backgrounds of local people makes genealogy a bit more challenging.
(This is why I encouraged people to index their home states when we were working on indexing the 1940 Census. If we and our families are generationally from the area, we might make less errors in transcribing names which seem typical to us, though very different to outsiders.)
It looked like the enumerator's name in the 1940 Census was Anthony Tam....Interesting that they started to use the PH label then- Part Hawaiian, (maybe he could tell- though earlier they would use the label AH- Asian Hawaiian or CH- Caucasian Hawaiian- when they could tell- sometimes they couldn't). And their names are more accurate- because maybe Anthony was local? Whereas, the previous enumerators might have not been? (They have haole names- though again, there were many many many hapa haole Hawaiians with haole surnames at this time. Though I have a feeling that people from the mainland might have been more likely to be performing the Federal Census than local hapa Hawaiian people.)
The other discrepancy is when Great-Grandpa Kim came to Hawai'i- 1904 on the 1920 Census and 1906 in the 1930 Census. Probably hard for him to recall on the spot. Or maybe the enumerators had a harder time understanding people- pidgin speakers, second language speakers?
I think I did find a possible match on a ship coming from Korea via Japan in 1906. Will have to add that information here.
I had asked a BYU student who was doing research in South Korea on North Korean defectors (our family is from North Korea) about genealogy. Of course, he was just a student, not a North Korean genealogy specialist.
I attended his presentation since my maternal cousin was also presenting in the symposium, and because of our Korean family connection.
Having watched several very disturbing documentaries on North Korea since the Korean War era (mass starvation, people desperate to get out killed by the government, and total brainwashing- in fact many defectors who are tricked by relatives into defecting- not really wanting to leave are astounded by the lies their government tells them about the outside. Media from the outside is banned, and again rigging receptions for illegal radio/tv waves is punishable by death or work camp assignment which is basically, death). My interest was and has been piqued....
He said probably write directly to the North Korean government since they seem to like people claiming North Korean ancestry and keep good records.
I believe this with regards to record keeping, however, I thought it might be difficult since under Chinese and Japanese occupation Korean names were changed during the cultural oppression.
(Another random interesting thing I learned about Korea was that explorers who went there prior to Chinese and Japanese occupation said it was the MOST oppressive country with regards to women's rights- more so than what the West would think in regards to Middle Eastern countries- they included sketches of the public coverings women had to wear- looked like a big boxy tent. Anyway....)
I did try the Naturalization records in San Bruno/ South San Francisco (where records from Hawaii are also stored) on my most recent trip to California this past summer to see if harabaji was listed there. But prior to going, I didn't know that immigrants who came to Hawaii prior to statehood were just automatically made citizens when Hawaii became a state. Of course, that makes sense.
Otherwise there would be piles and piles of red tape in forms since there were so many immigrants to Hawai'i.
So it was a no go on a naturalization record potentially containing more genealogical data for our great grandfather Yun Kiu Kim.***
The next step would be to order a copy of his Social Security application which might have some information.
One last thought- it is weird that they listed Hawaiians as Aliens as in immigrants on the census. ??? That would be like us listing every US born person as an alien/immigrant on our most recent census.
These are my notes from re-reviewing the census records today.
1920 Census
MM9.3.1/TH-267-12063-116120-
54?cc=1488411
Huelo, Maui, Makawao on 11th & 12th of January 1920 by Edward Smythe
Parents listed as Yong Kin Kim and Martha
| Household | Gender | Age | Birthplace |
| SELF | Yong Kin Kim | M | 36 | Korealisted as Alien arrive 1904 work as part of Korean Society occupation Police? |
| WIFE | Martha Kim | F | 26 | Hawaii |
| SON | Francis Kim | M | 6 | Hawaii yes school |
| SON | Joseph Kim | M | 5 | Hawaii no school |
| SON | Joe Kim | M | 3 | Hawaii |
| SON | Alfred Kim | M | 1 | Hawaii |
| Martha Bissen | F | 8 | Hawaii niece, attends school,says Caucasian Hawaiian, father born Germany speaks German, mother born Hawaii |
On the same street is Mary Taua 46 and husband Lei Taua 48 carrier for US Mail, with son Lei Jr. 23 Engineer for ? Engine, daughter Katherine 18, and granddaughter Mary Kahalehoe? 8 [in 1910 Census which has a Mary Taua living with Watson people, there are also Kahelekula's living in the Makawao neighborhood} I mention them because our family marries into this line.
1930 Federal Census
https://familysearch.org/pal:/
MM9.3.1/TH-1-15867-50598-65?
cc=1810731
HI, Maui, Makawao Enumeration District 5-28, Rep District 3, Precinct 13, Sheet 13-A
April 16th, 1930 by John Swiffen
Huelo, House # 205, 221 house visited, 229 family spoken to
Parents listed as Young Kim and Martha Kim
Young 43 Pineapple cannery, Yes rd/write, No school, no English ,Parents born Korea, came 1906, naturalization "AL"
Martha 36 Yes rd/write/speak English, parents born Hawaii, looks like erased AL (since she is FROM Hawaii)
Francis 17, not in school, yes rd/write/speak as all other kids, Asian Hawaiian as all other kids, Pineapple Cannery
Joseph 16, not in school, Pineapple cannery (none of the other children listed as working)
Harold 13, yes in school
Alfred 11 yes in school
John 8 yes in school
Moses 3 2/12 not in school
Katherine 5 not in school
Elizabeth 2 1/2 not in school
Walter 4/12
1940 Census started listing people as Part Hawaiian
Taken April 4th, 1940 by Anthony Tam
Tract M-6, Makawao Judicial District, Representative District 3, Maui, Hawaii Territory, United States
https://familysearch.org/pal:/
MM9.1.1/VB9R-JCN
parents listed as Yun Kiu Kim and Martha Kim
Same house has Mary Taua
Hawaii, Births and Christenings, 1852-1933," Alfred Soo Wan Kim, 1919
MM9.1.1/FWSH-PR8
| Name: | Alfred Soo Wan Kim |
| Gender: | Male |
| Baptism/Christening Date: |
|
| Baptism/Christening Place: |
|
| Birth Date: | 28 Mar 1919 |
| Birthplace: | KAILUA, MA, Hawaii |
| Death Date: |
|
| Name Note: |
|
| Race: |
|
| Father's Name: | Yun Kiu Kim |
| Father's Birthplace: |
|
| Father's Age: |
|
| Mother's Name: | Martha Luehu |
Hawaii, Births and Christenings, 1852-1933," Harold Su Pok Kim, 1916
MM9.1.1/FWS7-H8K
| Name: | Harold Su Pok Kim |
| Gender: | Male |
| Baptism/Christening Date: |
|
| Baptism/Christening Place: |
|
| Birth Date: | 11 Aug 1916 |
| Birthplace: | OLOWALU, LAHAINA, MA, Hawaii |
| Death Date: |
|
| Name Note: |
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| Race: |
|
| Father's Name: | Yun You Kim |
| Father's Birthplace: |
|
| Father's Age: |
|
| Mother's Name: | Martha Luehu |
ETC Mary and Lei Taua 1910 Census- I already posted this, but again, our family married into the Tau'a line so we see why- proximity, proximity since the families are on several Census records together as neighbors in Makawao.
https://familysearch.org/pal:/
MM9.1.1/MLCG-MKM
On bottom Has Anne Poole's 2nd HUSBAND Philip Nawai Kaiwi and my great Grandmother Kamaka and her sister Maihui and brother Joseph listed as step children. Mom is 55, step dad 39. Kamaka is 16 which matches her Kupuna Martha's birth year.
***[By the way, the good thing about going to the archives, where I decided to put my hiking gear in a shopping cart and push it there from the train station, then have the construction workers watch it while I went inside, was that a woman sitting next to me who could've passed for any number of different ethnic backgrounds- as many of us who are multiracial- was having trouble with the fiche reader. So I helped her and her daughter and learned they were native people from the Central Coast. I actually had never met any native people from that area despite living and working there for 4 years.
They were trying to find her grandmother's records.
These California tribes have a hard going time when it comes to genealogical research- since their people were forced to Missions in the North and Rancheras in the South and mixed in with other tribes- so hard to keep your language, identity, etc.(Kind of like what happened to African slaves- they were intentionally divided and mixed with other Africans of different tribes who spoke different languages so as no avoid unity and possible rebellion.)
The woman and her grown daughter didn't have luck but I could help her find some guides on familysearch.org which were very useful.
They were a bit tripped out that I was LDS, which is often the case. People always think I'm too cool to be Mormon. hahahaha. I told her it was probably a Hawaiian Mormon thing...just kidding. Sort of. ;)
So it was not a complete waste of time. And When I did eventually go down to the Central Coast- I happened to go during their Pow Wow season. Very interesting since attending a Native American ward we've been to several pow wows out here. Different experience all together there since they had a female drumming group, and their fry bread was- hmmm....not soft and fluffy. hahahaha. More like a frisbee, but probably just that vendor.
But I learned more about the Central Coast Native people talking to the people there, then made a visit up to the Santa Cruz Mission, which in all my years living in that county I had never been to.
My daughter actually started the Mission tour then left because she was upset in reading the history. I have to agree with her.. Whitewashed the reality of the 'slavery' period by saying instead that some of the native people were forcibly moved to the mission, where they earned food and lodging, not money, for their labor. Yeah, uh, that's called slavery. hahaha.
Being of European ancestry also, I don't have a problem with people just telling like it is- it doesn't hurt my European ancestry feelings, and I wish people who curated exhibits would stop rewriting history to protect feelings.....Every generation, EVERYWHERE, has it's narrow minded views and unenlightened/hateful practices, as well as specific individuals who are more hideous than others. It's best not to dismiss the history of those who were oppressed by creating an alternate version. I really dislike when people do this.
But I did enjoy the Mission's historicity, and learned about what happened to it subsequently- in fact a native family lived there for awhile after the Spaniards left, and then some transplanted Irish. I really liked their displays on the Ohlone. They used reeds to make their home and boats- sort of like the Rapa Nui people. ANd their fishing methods weren't unlike Hawaiians.
Anyway, while in Santa Cruz also ran into a woman in our old family Ward who discovered recently she was Cherokee. She looks like a Nordic goddess- but, like all native people, mixing happens.
I could also direct her to some Cherokee resources... Needless to say, my calling did not seem to get away from me during my stint in California. But I did miss our home ward/ congregation here in Utah terribly. Though they might be an ocean away from the community I grew up in, they do feel like family. I love their spirit, way and stories.]
